A Study on the Effect of Season, Sex and Birth Type on Birth Weight of Sirohi Goat Kids under Semi-Arid Conditions

Abstract

Birth weight is a critical economic trait in goats, as it directly affects kid survival, growth rate, and overall productivity. In semi-arid regions, environmental and biological factors may significantly influence birth weight in indigenous breeds like Sirohi. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sex, birth type, and birth season on the birth weight of Sirohi goat kids under semi-arid conditions. A total of 40 kids (20 males and 20 females) born under field conditions were included in the study. Birth type was classified as single or twin, while birth season was categorized into autumn(post-monsoon) and winter. Birth weights were recorded within 4 hours of parturition. The kids were maintained under an intensive system, whereas their dams were kept under a semi-intensive management system. The statistical analysis of collected data i.e. means, standard deviations and standard error were computed, one way analysis of variance was performed for single for the influence of the studied factors. The overall mean birth weight was 2.57 ± 0.036 kg. Male kids had significantly higher birth weights (2.67 ± 0.051 kg) than females (2.46 ± 0.041 kg). Single-born kids (2.66 ± 0.051 kg) were significantly heavier than twin-born kids (2.30 ± 0.052 kg). Winter-born kids (2.60 ± 0.052 kg) had slightly higher birth weights than those born in autumn i.e. postmonsoon (2.53 ± 0.051 kg). Sex, birth type, and birth season significantly affect birth weight in Sirohi goat kids. Male, single-born, and winter-born kids exhibited higher weights, indicating these factors should be considered in breeding and management strategies. Although the study focused solely on birth weight and involved a relatively small sample size (n=40), the findings highlight the significant influence of key non-genetic factors on neonatal growth. Broader studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate and strengthen these results.