A Pattern of Surgical Procedures undertaken in the National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM) Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: South Asia has been identified as the region with the highest unmet surgical need globally. Surgical disease in this region is often characterized by delayed presentation, advanced disease stage, and coexisting malnutrition, which collectively complicate treatment outcomes. Aim: This study aims to analyze and document the patterns, frequencies, and types of surgical procedures performed at the National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM) Hospital. Introduction: Approximately 11% of the global burden of disease requires surgical intervention. Worldwide, an estimated 310 million surgical procedures are performed annually. This retrospective study was conducted to assess the surgical burden within a defined hospital population. Materials Methods: A three-year retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at NIUM Hospital, Bangalore. Data from all patients who underwent elective surgical procedures during this period were analyzed. Results: During the three-year study period, a total of 2,123 patients were admitted to the Department of Surgery. Out of 2,123 patients, 1,420 (66.9%) underwent elective surgical procedures. Out of these, 45.9% were males (653) and 54% were females (767). Conclusion: Hernioplasty emerged as the most commonly performed surgery in the Department of Surgery, with inguinal hernia repair being predominant. The study also observed a higher proportion of surgeries performed on female patients.