A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies for Climate Resilient Agriculture

Abstract

This review looks at how Indian agriculture and adaptation tactics are affected by climate change. Due to human activity, climate change is causing problems including extreme weather occurrences and rising temperatures. Increased temperatures have the potential to cause heat stress in crops, which lowers yields and results in lower-quality produce. Farmers employ climate-resilient crop development and planting date adjustments as adaptation strategies. Variable or irregular rainfall patterns can lead to drought conditions, which can dry out farmlands and result in crop failures. However, floods brought on by too much rain can harm crops and soil and cause disruptions to agricultural activities, particularly during the monsoon season. Initiatives for precision farming, urban food production, and soil conservation all support resource recycling and food security. Efficient water management and better irrigation are necessary to address water scarcity. The number of agricultural pests is impacted by climate change, endangering the world's food supply. Numerous adaptation tactics are used, such as socioeconomic initiatives, resource-conservation technologies, and traditional behaviours. Precision farming and other climate-smart agricultural technology boost resilience and yields. Regional appropriateness, economic feasibility, and group execution are all necessary for success. Agriculture is subject to climatic, economic, and policy risks in a complex socio-ecological system. Climate-smart agriculture methods that are site-specific are essential for the resilience and food security of smallholders. Adoption of these technologies can be aided by publicly offered agricultural extension services, but obstacles like budgetary limitations and cultural considerations need to be taken into account. This assessment highlights the necessity of comprehensive, context-specific strategies to address climate change vulnerabilities in Indian agriculture and guarantee a sustainable future for smallholder livelihoods and food production.