A Clinical Comprehensive Analysis of the Correlation between Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease in Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy and Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

This is a case report of a 48-year-old male who presented with decompensated chronic liver disease, complicated by portal hypertensive gastropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and chronic kidney disease. He presented with symptoms of vomiting, fever, low urine output, and impairment of the liver and kidneys. Ultrasound showed liver congestion with ascites; endoscopy revealed Grade II oesophageal varices and portal gastropathy. Thereafter, he tested positive for Hepatitis C infection and therefore had a viral aetiology for liver disease. He was treated with antibiotics, insulin, pantoprazole, and medications for liver protection. Propranolol and midodrine are used to manage portal pressure and blood pressure, respectively. Drotaverine is used to alleviate abdominal pain. This case represents the interaction of liver, kidney, and metabolic disorders. It requires using appropriate drugs with cautious dosage to avoid toxicity. In such complex cases, the role of a pharmacist is crucial for safe and effective therapy.