Evaluation of Yield and Some Agronomical Traits in Garlic Genotypes (Allium sativum L)

Abstract

Aims: The specific objective of this study was yield comparison the garlic genotypes for cultivation in region and evaluation some agronomic traits and determination correlation of coefficients these with yield in order to using in breeding programs. Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications . Place and Duration of Study: The present research was conducted in Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Sistan and Baluchastan Province, Zabol, Iran in October 2012 during one crop season. Methodology: Garlic cloves ten genotypes were planted in early October. Each plot consisted of four rows:5 m length, with 30 cm apart. Fertilizers were applied at ratio of 100, kg N /ha, 150 kg sulphate dipotash /ha and 100 kg super-phosphate, /ha respectively, (according to results of soil analysis). All plots received one-third of N and all sulphate dipotash and super-phosphate prior to sowing. Other two-third of N top dressed at the start of leaf four and before of bulbing stage, respectively. Results: The results showed that there was significant difference among genotypes for traits of cloves length, the number of cloves per bulb, clove weight, bulb weight, and bulb yield per hectare. Among genotypes, Mazand with yield (25508 kg/ha) and Chinese with yield (23132 kg/ha) than other genotypes, showed maximum yield. Simple correlation analysis showed that there were positive and significant correlation among bulb yields with clove weight and bulb weight. Conclusion: Based on results can be conclude that traits, bulb weight, number of cloves per bulb and Clove weight may be used as criterion of selection, for improving agronomic characters of garlic in breeding programs and Mazand and China varieties due to higher yield were recommended for replacement with local variety in Sistan region.