Melatonin and Periodontitis – A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic oral diseases that includes bacterial colonization, inflammation and oxidative stress. Melatonin, a hormone which has antioxidant properties reduces gingival inflammation and oxidative stress. Aim: The aim of the study is to systematically review the association between melatonin and periodontitis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the following databases were done which included studies of The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, PubMed, pubmed central, Google scholar, research gate , The studies were selected by titles and abstracts based on the search strategy described previously. Then, the full texts of the potentially eligible studies were read and selected based on the inclusion criteria (PICOS criteria). Results: The meta analysis showed that the mean difference between the salivary melatonin levels in healthy and periodontitis groups was statistically significant with P<.001 Heterogeneity between the studies is 49%. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta analysis concludes that salivary melatonin level in participants with periodontitis is significantly lesser when compared to the healthy individuals. Supplementation of melatonin improves the periodontal condition.