The Effect of Dietary Habbit of Phosphorus Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis

Abstract

Background: Phosphorus is an essential nutrient required for multiple physiological functions, recent researches found that high phosphorus intake could have detrimental effects on health. Hyperphosphatemia is one of the most important risk factors for morbidity and mortality for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.  High phosphorus intake can cause vascular and renal calcification, renal tubular injury, and premature death in multiple animal models. Limited data exist linking high phosphorus intake directly to adverse clinical outcomes.  Small studies in human suggest that high phosphorus intake may result in positive phosphorus balance and correlate with renal calcification and albuminuria.Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether phosphorus intake is a modifiable risk factor for kidney disease. Aims & Objectives: To study the effect of dietary habits on dietary phosphorous intake in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. To study the prevalence of hyperphosphatemia in patients of CKD on maintenance hemodialysis. To see the impact of dietary control of  phosphorus in CKD patients. Methods: • This was a cross sectional comparative study. It was carrying in tertiary care centre in western region Maharashtra state. • A total of 80 patient’s diagnosed case of CKD on maintenance of hemodialysis were selected for the study, patients on maintenance hemodialysis program twice in a week with 4 hour duration. • Patients were divided into two groups as 1st group is on given diet to control phosphorus level in body and 2nd group is on phosphate binder to control phosphorus level. • Baseline serum phosphorus was measured 1 month before hemodialysis and after 1 month prior hemodialysis in both group patients. Results: It was observed that there was a significance difference between the pre and post phosphorus of group A(experimental group). The main difference was seen between age group 20-40 and 40-60, no difference was seen in age group 60-80. There was significant difference in pre and post phosphorus was also seen in group B, in group B age group 60-80 has shown good response. Conclusion: Renal diet education can reduce phosphorus level and guided diet education provides an additional benefit on controlling hyperphosphatemia in haemodiaylsis patient. The purpose of the study is to see the effect of dietary habits on dietary phosphorus intake in CKD Patients on haemodialysis. Dietary counseling encourage the consumption of foods with least amount of inorganic or absorbable serum phosphorus, low phosphorus- to –protein ratio an adequate protein content .Our phosphorus additives list helps to reduce indirectly intake of phosphorus. Younger group of patient have followed renal diet for hyperphosphatemia effectively.