The Effects of Climate Change on Agricultural Sustainability in Southeast Nigeria – Implications for Food Security

Abstract

Considering the alarming predictions of researchers and policy makers concerning the natural phenomenon climate change, this study “Effects of Climate Change on Agricultural Sustainability – Implications for Food Security” was carried out in southeast Nigeria to untie some of the dangers associated with it as a prelude to the final solution. Data for the study were mainly secondary time series data collected from institutions. Statistical data on climate elements for forty years between (1972-2011) were collected from the Agro-metrological unit of the National Root Crop Research Institute (NRCRI) Umudike while input/output data in physical and value terms concerning cassava production were collected from government ministries and agencies. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical tools like mean frequency, percentages, frequency polygon or line graphs. Furthermore, multiple regression analytical tools were used to determine the effects of climate change on agricultural sustainability. Results showed an increasing trend in temperature, rainfall and sunshine duration while number of rain-days and relative humidity showed a decreasing trend. It was observed that the major climate elements that strongly and significantly affected agricultural sustainability were temperature and rainfall. The negative effects of climate change on sustainability requires urgent intervention by government at all levels to ensure sustained increases in food production to ensure food security.