Effect of Levels of Nitrogen and Seed Rate on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

The effect of nitrogen and seed rate on wheat trails like growth and yield was studied through an experiment conducted during Rabi 2021 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36 %), available nitrogen (171.48 kg/ha), available phosphorous (15.2 kg/ha) and available pottasium (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice on the basis of one year experimentation. The treatments which are T1: nitrogen 80kg/ha + seed rate 75kg/ha, T2: nitrogen 100kg/ha + seed rate 75kg/ha, T3: nitrogen 120kg/ha + seed rate 75kg/ha, T4: nitrogen 80kg/ha + seed rate 100kg/ha, T5: nitrogen 100kg/ha + seed rate 100kg/ha, T6: nitrogen 120kg/ha + seed rate 100kg/ha, T7: nitrogen 80kg/ha + seed rate 125kg/ha, T8: nitrogen 100kg/ha + seed rate 125kg/ha, T9: nitrogen 120kg/ha + seed rate 125kg/ha are used. The results showed that among different seed rate and nitrogen, the treatment with nitrogen 120kg/ha and seed rate 75kg/ha produced significantly highest plant height (101.20 cm). The treatment combination with nitrogen 120kg/ha + seed rate 100kg/ha produced significantly higher No. of Tillers/plant (7.27), Plant dry weight (21.60 g/plant), Crop growth rate (0.48 g/m2/day), Relative Growth Rate (0.014g/g/day), spikelets/spike (20.07), Grains/spike (58.53), Test weight (46.23 g) and Grain yield (5.91 t/ha). However, the treatment with nitrogen 120kg/ha and seed rate 100kg/ha was found to be effective in highest gross returns (89060.00 INR/ha), net return (58360.03 INR/ha) and benefit/cost ratio (2.90) when compared to other treatments.