Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Antimicrobial Effects of Aqueous Extract of Garcinia Kola Nuts on Salmonella Isolates from Chicken Dropping in Southern Taraba, North East, Nigeria

Abel Onolunosen Abhadionmhen, Vivian Ifeoma Anyiam, Edobor Peter Kenneth Imarenezor, Pius Amiegbebhor

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology · pp. 1–7 · Published 9 Aug 2023

10.9734/sajrm/2023/v16i2301

Abstract

Aim: The onerous threat of antimicrobial resistance to public health highlights the need for continuous research that will discover more potential medicinal plants that possess inhibitory potentials on bacteria especially those with multidrug-resistant qualities. Hence, this study investigated the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of Garcinia Kola on Salmonella isolates. Study Design: This is experimental research involving fecal sample of chicken. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Wukari metropolis. Study Design: Sterile universal containers were used to collect one gram each of chicken fecal samples from domestic chicken coops and dissolved in Buffered Peptone Water to recover injured cell. A loop-full of the sample was streaked on prepared Salmonella-Shigella Agar plates. Suspected isolates were confirmed molecularly using PCR to identify the invA virulent gene from the isolate. Hot and cold water served as a menstruum for extracting bioactive contents from Garcinia Kola. Following evaporation of the crude hot and cold-water extracts, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, and 2.0 mg of the extract were respectively dissolved into 10 ml of distilled water. The Agar-well diffusion method was used in conducting the antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Results: Significant zone of inhibition (ZIB) of 9 mm, 12 mm and 17 mm was observed for isolates subjected to 0.50 mg-10 ml, 1.00mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml concentrations of cold-water extracts respectively while No zone of Inhibition (NZI) was observed at 0.25 g-10 ml concentrations. For hot water extracts, growth inhibition ranging from 9 mm, 11 mm, 15 mm, and 23 mm was respectively noticed for concentrates of 0.25 mg-10 ml, 0.50 mg-10, 1.00 mg-10 ml, and 2.00 mg-10 ml. Heavy growth persisted for the negative control plate which contained distilled water without extracts. Augmentin 30 µg was used as a positive control (≥31 mm). Conclusion: This research simply has amplified the medicinal importance of the consumption of Garcinia Kola particularly as it relates to the management of gastroenteritis caused by Zoonotic Non-enteric Salmonella. However, the clinical toxicity and safety of the plant need more understanding.

Antimicrobial resistance aqueous chicken Salmonella Garcinia kola

References (22)

  1. 1 A Comprehensive Review on Medicinal Plants as Antimicrobial Therapeutics: Potential Avenues of Biocompatible Drug Discovery [DOI]
  2. 2 Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants [DOI]
  3. 3 Antimicrobial activity of South African medicinal plants [DOI]
  4. 4 Antimicrobial activities evaluation and phytochemical screening of some selected medicinal plants: A possible alternative in the treatment of multidrug-resistant microbes [DOI]
  5. 5 Trends and Challenges of Traditional Medicine in Africa [DOI]
  6. 6 A review on ethno-medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [DOI]
  7. 7 Antimicrobial Importance of Medicinal Plants in Nigeria [DOI]
  8. 8 Operationalizing universal health coverage in Nigeria through social health insurance [DOI]
  9. 9 The Prevalence and Epidemiology of Salmonella in Retail Raw Poultry Meat in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [DOI]
  10. 10 Biological Evaluation of Garcinia kola Heckel [DOI]
  11. 11 Emergence of Herbal Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Clinical Bacterial Isolates [DOI]
  12. 12 Screening of African traditional vegetables for their alpha-amylase inhibitory effect. [DOI]
  13. 13 Microwave-assisted Encapsulation of Blue Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) Colourant: Maltodextrin Concentration, Power, and Time [DOI]
  14. 14 Antimicrobial properties of Vernonia amygdalina on Escherichia coli and Proteus species isolated from urine samples: Potential antimicrobial alternative for urinary tract infection [DOI]
  15. 15 Antibiogram of Salmonella isolates from animal and human sources in Southern Taraba, North-East, Nigeria [DOI]
  16. 16 Prevalence of Salmonella Isolated from Poultry Farms and Domestic Chicken Coops in Southern Taraba, North-East, Nigeria [DOI]
  17. 17 Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Species Isolated from Animal Sources in Southern-Taraba State, North-East Nigeria [DOI]
  18. 18 Potential Hazards of Ethanolic Extract of Garcinia kola on the Testes of Adult Male Wistar Rats [DOI]
  19. 19 Bactericidal significance of aqueous extracts of Jatropha tanjorensis on Salmonella isolates from domestic chicken coops; Ayurveda and Universal health coverage [DOI]
  20. 20 Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry [DOI]
  21. 21 Towards universal health coverage: advancing the development and use of traditional medicines in Africa [DOI]
  22. 22 International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive [DOI]

Cited by 2

Anti-ulcerative effect and antioxidant effects of Garcinia kola Heckel (Clusiaceae) seed infusate

Jean Baptiste Hzounda Fokou, Marion Mambo Tenda, Bertin Sone · RPS Pharmacy and Pharmacology Reports · 2024

Showing 1 of 2 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

38

Page views

0

PDF downloads

7

Outbound clicks

2

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.