Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 3.0

A Review on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Techniques of Rotating Electrical Machines

S. A. Mortazavizadeh, S. M. G. Mousavi

Physical Science International Journal · pp. 310–338 · Published 19 Nov 2013

10.9734/PSIJ/2014/4837

Abstract

Electrical machines are critical components in industrial processes. A motor failure may yield an unexpected interruption at the industrial plant, with consequences in costs, product quality, and safety. To determine the conditions of each part of motor, various testing and monitoring methods have been developed. In this paper, a review on effective fault indicators and condition monitoring methods of rotating electrical machines has been accomplished. Fault detection methods divided to four groups: electrical, mechanical, chemical and thermal indicators. Some fault detection methods based on electrical symptoms like stator current, voltage, their combination or spectrum discussed in electrical group. In second branch, mechanical symptoms like torque, vibration and so on used for condition monitoring. Third group, chemical indicators, assigned to some chemical parameters of materials like oil characteristic or wear and debris in oil analysis. In last group, thermal symptoms in rotating electrical machines will be spoken. Between all methods, some of them are more known like vibration and some of them are recently added like motor current signature analysis (MCSA). Nowadays, combined methods and methods used artificial intelligence (AI) in condition monitoring are more popular. In every group, the fault detection method and the faults that can be detected have been mentioned. Mathematical equations of some new signal processing method have been discussed in literature presented in appendix.  

Condition monitoring electrical motor fault diagnosis review

References (115)

  1. 1 Vector Control and Dynamics of AC Drives [DOI]
  2. 2 Application of the wavelet transform in machine condition monitoring and fault diagnostics: a review with bibliography [DOI]
  3. 3 Lumped parameter thermal model for electrical machines of TEFC design [DOI]
  4. 4 A comparison study of improved Hilbert–Huang transform and wavelet transform: Application to fault diagnosis for rolling bearing [DOI]
  5. 5 A roller bearing fault diagnosis method based on EMD energy entropy and ANN [DOI]
  6. 6 Review of condition monitoring of rotating electrical machines [DOI]
  7. 7 Quantitative evaluation of induction motor broken bars by means of electrical signature analysis [DOI]
  8. 8 Electrical Insulation for Rotating Machines: Design, Evaluation, Aging, Testing, and Repair [DOI]
  9. 9 Wavelet Analysis and Envelope Detection For Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis—Their Effectiveness and Flexibilities [DOI]
  10. 10 Analysis of airgap flux, current and vibration signals as a function of the combination of static and dynamic airgap eccentricity in 3-phase induction motors [DOI]
  11. 11 Induction machine drive condition monitoring and diagnostic research—a survey [DOI]
  12. 12 Condition monitoring of electrical machines
  13. 13 TIME–FREQUENCY ANALYSIS IN GEARBOX FAULT DETECTION USING THE WIGNER–VILLE DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION [DOI]
  14. 14 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ACOUSTIC AND VIBRATION SIGNALS IN DETECTION OF GEAR FAILURES USING WIGNER–VILLE DISTRIBUTION [DOI]
  15. 15 Multi-fault diagnosis of rolling bearing elements using wavelet analysis and hidden Markov model based fault recognition [DOI]
  16. 16 Thermal Analysis of Radial-Flux Electrical Machines With a High Power Density [DOI]
  17. 17 Monitoring and diagnosis of induction motors electrical faults using a current Park's vector pattern learning approach [DOI]
  18. 18 Rotational Machine Health Monitoring and Fault Detection Using EMD-Based Acoustic Emission Feature Quantification [DOI]
  19. 19 Thermal Analysis of a PMaSRM Using Partial FEA and Lumped Parameter Modeling [DOI]
  20. 20 Detection of Demagnetization Faults in Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors by Means of the Zero-Sequence Voltage Component [DOI]
  21. 21 Continuous wavelet transform technique for fault signal diagnosis of internal combustion engines [DOI]
  22. 22 High Resolution Order Tracking at Extreme Slew Rates, Using Kalman Tracking Filters [DOI]
  23. 23 Use of particle swarm optimization for machinery fault detection [DOI]
  24. 24 USING VIBRATION MONITORING FOR LOCAL FAULT DETECTION ON GEARS OPERATING UNDER FLUCTUATING LOAD CONDITIONS [DOI]
  25. 25 Early Classification of Bearing Faults Using Morphological Operators and Fuzzy Inference [DOI]
  26. 26 A current monitoring system for diagnosing electrical failures in induction motors [DOI]
  27. 27 Application of an impulse response wavelet to fault diagnosis of rolling bearings [DOI]
  28. 28 Detection of signal transients based on wavelet and statistics for machine fault diagnosis [DOI]
  29. 29 Detecting motor bearing faults [DOI]
  30. 30 Current Frequency Spectral Subtraction and Its Contribution to Induction Machines’ Bearings Condition Monitoring [DOI]
  31. 31 Rotating machinery fault diagnosis using Wigner distribution [DOI]
  32. 32 Classification of Induction Machine Faults by Optimal Time–Frequency Representations [DOI]
  33. 33 Residual Life Prediction of Rotating Machines Using Acoustic Noise Signals [DOI]
  34. 34 Air-gap force distribution and vibration pattern of Induction motors under dynamic eccentricity [DOI]
  35. 35 Fuzzy Diagnosis Method for Rotating Machinery in Variable Rotating Speed [DOI]
  36. 36 Comparative thermal analysis of different rotor types for a high-speed permanent-magnet electrical machine [DOI]
  37. 37 Effects of rotor eccentricity on acoustic noise from induction machines [DOI]
  38. 38 Vibratory Condition Monitoring of Machines
  39. 39 Fault diagnosis and condition surveillance for plant rotating machinery using partially-linearized neural network [DOI]
  40. 40 Wireless Temperature Sensor for Condition Monitoring of Bearings Operating Through Thick Metal Plates [DOI]
  41. 41 An Intelligent Diagnosis Method for Rotating Machinery Using Least Squares Mapping and a Fuzzy Neural Network [DOI]
  42. 42 Induction motor fault diagnosis using voltage Park components of an auxiliary winding - voltage unbalance [DOI]
  43. 43 Using a six fault zone approach for predictive maintenance on motors [DOI]
  44. 44 Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis Using Voltage Spectrum of an Auxiliary Winding [DOI]
  45. 45 Wear particle shape and edge detail analysis [DOI]
  46. 46 Evaluation of Techniques to Detect Significant Network Performance Problems using End-to-End Active Network Measurements [DOI]
  47. 47 Adaptive spectrogram vs. adaptive pseudo-Wigner–Ville distribution for instantaneous frequency estimation [DOI]
  48. 48 Immediate Warning of Local Overheating in Electric Machines by the Detection of Pyrolysis Products [DOI]
  49. 49 Sequential Fuzzy Diagnosis for Condition Monitoring of Rolling Bearing Based on Neural Network [DOI]
  50. 50 Vibration monitoring on electrical machine using Vold-Kalman filter order tracking
  51. 51 A review of induction motors signature analysis as a medium for faults detection [DOI]
  52. 52 Advances in Diagnostic Techniques for Induction Machines [DOI]
  53. 53 Evolution and Modern Approaches for Thermal Analysis of Electrical Machines [DOI]
  54. 54 Online Diagnosis of Induction Motors Using MCSA [DOI]
  55. 55 Vibration and current monitoring for detecting airgap eccentricity in large induction motors [DOI]
  56. 56 Condition monitoring techniques for electrical equipment-a literature survey [DOI]
  57. 57 An adaptive statistical time-frequency method for detection of broken bars and bearing faults in motors using stator current [DOI]
  58. 58 Performance analysis of a three-phase induction motor under mixed eccentricity condition [DOI]
  59. 59 Monitoring of defects in induction motors through air-gap torque observation [DOI]
  60. 60 Thermal Analysis of Multibarrier Interior PM Synchronous Machine Using Lumped Parameter Model [DOI]
  61. 61 On-field experience with online diagnosis of large induction motors cage failures using MCSA [DOI]
  62. 62 Nonstationary Motor Fault Detection Using Recent Quadratic Time–Frequency Representations [DOI]
  63. 63 Multiple Reference Frames Theory: A New Method for the Diagnosis of Stator Faults in Three-Phase Induction Motors [DOI]
  64. 64 Thermal Model With Winding Homogenization and FIT Discretization for Stator Slot [DOI]
  65. 65 Torsional-Vibration Assessment and Gear-Fault Diagnosis in Railway Traction System [DOI]
  66. 66 A Simple Real-Time Fault Signature Monitoring Tool for Motor-Drive-Embedded Fault Diagnosis Systems [DOI]
  67. 67 A Web-Based Remote Laboratory for Monitoring and Diagnosis of AC Electrical Machines [DOI]
  68. 68 Induction machine condition monitoring with higher order spectra [DOI]
  69. 69 Broken Rotor Bar Detection in Induction Machines With Transient Operating Speeds [DOI]
  70. 70 Investigation of engine fault diagnosis using discrete wavelet transform and neural network [DOI]
  71. 71 Stator current harmonics and their causal vibrations: a preliminary investigation of sensorless vibration monitoring applications [DOI]
  72. 72 A Remote and Sensorless Stator Winding Resistance Estimation Method for Thermal Protection of Soft-Starter-Connected Induction Machines [DOI]
  73. 73 A New Model-Based Technique for the Diagnosis of Rotor Faults in RFOC Induction Motor Drives [DOI]
  74. 74 Development and Validation of a Thermal Model for Electric Induction Motors [DOI]
  75. 75 Fault gear identification using vibration signal with discrete wavelet transform technique and fuzzy–logic inference [DOI]
  76. 76 Monitoring of induction Machines by maximum covariance method for frequency tracking [DOI]
  77. 77 Automated Detection of Rotor Faults for Inverter-Fed Induction Machines Under Standstill Conditions [DOI]
  78. 78 Modeling and Real-Time Simulation of Internal Faults in Synchronous Generators With Parallel-Connected Windings [DOI]
  79. 79 Steady and Transient States Thermal Analysis of a 7.5-kW Squirrel-Cage Induction Machine at Rated-Load Operation [DOI]
  80. 80 Analysis and Application of Particular Current Signatures (Symptoms) for Cage Monitoring in Nonsinusoidally Fed Motors With High Rejection to Drive Load, Inertia, and Frequency Variations [DOI]
  81. 81 Diagnosis of Induction Motor Faults in Time-Varying Conditions Using the Polynomial-Phase Transform of the Current [DOI]
  82. 82 Performance-Oriented Electric Motors Diagnostics in Modern Energy Conversion Systems [DOI]
  83. 83 A New Centroid Based Fault Detection Method for 3-Phase Inverter-Fed Induction Motors [DOI]
  84. 84 Early Estimation of Faults in Induction Motors Using Symbolic Dynamic-Based Analysis of Stator Current Samples [DOI]
  85. 85 Numerical magnetic field analysis and signal processing for fault diagnostics of electrical machines [DOI]
  86. 86 A stator and rotor resistance estimation technique for conductor temperature monitoring [DOI]
  87. 87 A DC Signal Injection-Based Thermal Protection Scheme for Soft-Starter-Connected Induction Motors [DOI]
  88. 88 An Online Adaptive Stator Winding Temperature Estimator Based on a Hybrid Thermal Model for Induction Machines [DOI]
  89. 89 A Stationary System of Noncontact Temperature Measurement and Hotbox Detecting [DOI]
  90. 90 Monitoring partial discharges on 4 kV motor windings [DOI]
  91. 91 Induction machine diagnostics using zero sequence components [DOI]
  92. 92 Neural network based classification of partial discharge in HV motors [DOI]
  93. 93 A nonintrusive thermal monitoring method for closed-loop drive-fed induction machines [DOI]
  94. 94 Development of an integrated low-power rf partial discharge detector [DOI]
  95. 95 Study on oil detection technology based on inductive wear debris sensor [DOI]
  96. 96 Acoustic Signal Processing for Degradation Analysis of Rotating Machinery to Determine the Remaining Useful Life [DOI]
  97. 97 Diagnosis of rotor faults in traction drives for railway applications [DOI]
  98. 98 Development of automatic, continuous partial discharge monitoring systems to detect motor and generator partial discharges [DOI]
  99. 99 Mechanical transmission and torsional vibration effects on induction machine stator current and torque in railway traction systems [DOI]
  100. 100 Study on Aero-engine Wear Fault Diagnosis by Direct Reading Ferrograph [DOI]
  101. 101 Sensorless control of induction motor drives [DOI]
  102. 102 Practical Machinery Vibration Analysis and Predictive Maintenance [DOI]
  103. 103 An analytical approach to solving motor vibration problems [DOI]
  104. 104 On-Line Monitoring of Mechanical Faults in Variable-Speed Induction Motor Drives Using the Wigner Distribution [DOI]
  105. 105 Instantaneous stator power as a medium for the signature analysis of induction motors [DOI]
  106. 106 Online Diagnostics in Inverter-Fed Induction Machines Using High-Frequency Signal Injection [DOI]
  107. 107 Realisation of tests to determine theparameters of the thermal model of an induction machine [DOI]
  108. 108 DSP-Based Sensorless Electric Motor Fault Diagnosis Tools for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrain Applications [DOI]
  109. 109 Closed loop control impact on the diagnosis of induction motors faults [DOI]
  110. 110 Diagnosis of Rotor Faults in Closed-Loop Induction Motor Drives [DOI]
  111. 111 Monitoring and Diagnosis of External Faults in Three Phase Induction Motors Using Artificial Neural Network [DOI]
  112. 112 Detection of inter-turns short circuits in permanent magnet synchronous motors operating under transient conditions by means of the zero sequence voltage
  113. 113 A simple lumped parameter thermal model for electrical machine of TEFC design [DOI]
  114. 114 Condition Based Maintenance Optimization for Faulty Gearbox under Continuous Noise Monitoring [DOI]
  115. 115 Time/frequency Analysis [DOI]

Cited by 76

Overview of Diagnostic Methods for Rotating Electrical Machines

Nikolay Djagarov, Georgi Enchev, Zhivko Grozdev · 2020 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE) · 2020

Faults and Fault Detection Methods in Electric Drives

Patrick D. Strankowski, Jarosław Guziński · Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing · 2020

Advanced tool based condition monitoring of induction machines by using LabVIEW — A review

Chilaka Ranga, Ashwani Kumar Chandel · 2015 IEEE UP Section Conference on Electrical Computer and Electronics (UPCON) · 2015

Multiple faults detection and identification of three phase induction motor using advanced signal processing techniques

Majid Hussain, Rana Rizwan Ahmed, Imtiaz Hussain Kalwar · 3C Tecnología_Glosas de innovación aplicadas a la pyme · 2020

Hybrid Wavelet–CNN Fault Diagnosis Method for Ships’ Power Systems

Dimitrios Paraskevopoulos, Christos Spandonidis, Fotis Giannopoulos · Signals · 2023

Multi Sensory Distributed Bearing Fault Classification using Wavelet Scattering Transform

Mojtaba Afshar, Mehrdad Heydar Zadeh, Bilal Akin · 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · 2023

DC–AC Converter-Fed Induction Motor Drive With Fault-Tolerant Capability Under Open- and Short-Circuit Switch Failures

Masoud Farhadi, Majid Tahmasbi Fard, Mehdi Abapour · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · 2018

A New Stator Winding Inter-Turn Short Circuit Fault Detection Method For Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Machine

Mojtaba Afshar, Salman Abdi, Abolfazl Mortazavizadeh · 2020 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) · 2020

Showing 20 of 76 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

82

Page views

0

PDF downloads

34

Outbound clicks

76

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.