Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is a primary behaviour-centred framework for eliminating open defecation in low-resource settings, although its sustainability in nomadic settings remains constrained. This study evaluated the multidimensional social, economic, and technologi...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95654
Antibiotic resistance represents a critical global health challenge driven by the dissemination of resistant bacterial genes across households, livestock and environmental reservoirs. Horizontal gene transfer and mutations play substantial roles in the existence and persistence o...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jamb/2025/v25i7961
The environmental dispersal of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) represents an increasing global public health concern. This challenge is especially pronounced in low and middle-income countries where industrial wastewater management remai...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/CSJI/2025/v34i3966