Background: The smear layer is a surface film of debris that remains on dentin or other tooth surfaces, such as enamel or cementum, after instrumentation with either rotary instruments or endodontic files. Sodium hypochlorite is the gold standard in endodontic irrigation, but it...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ajds/2025/v8i1239
Background: Restoration of badly broken endodontically treated teeth (ETT) presents a significant challenge in dentistry. Traditional approaches typically involve posts, crowns, or indirect restorations. However, the use of fiber-reinforced composite resin (FRC) for direct restor...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijrrd/2025/v8i1210
Light curing plays a fundamental role in the polymerization of dental resin composites, directly influencing the mechanical properties, longevity, and esthetics of restorations. This comprehensive review explores key factors affecting polymerization efficiency, including exposure...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ajds/2025/v8i1225