Plastic pollution has surged from 1.5 million tons produced in the 1950s to 335 million tons in 2016, with 9–23 million metric tons entering aquatic systems annually. This review examines plastic pollution’s characteristics—diversity, persistence, and combined effects with other...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jgeesi/2025/v29i3871
Household Food waste is a pressing global issue, with approximately one-third of food produced wasted annually, leading to economic losses, and environmental degradation. This paper examines the challenges of measuring household food waste, current methodologies, and proposes a n...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jgeesi/2025/v29i5900