Role of Immune Checkpoints (PD-1, PDL1 and CTLA-4) In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Therapeutic Implications
Lawrence John AJutor, Blessing Aitebiereme Iyoyojie, Kingsley Ugonna Ugoagwu, Orkaa Terungwa Samuel, Olufemi Adesola Adedayo, Daniel Temiloluwa Oyedemi, Daniel Ebubechi Obasi, Adegbesan Abiodun Christopher, Adewoyin Peter Bemigho & Christian Ajiri Adobor · International Research Journal of Oncology · 2025
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most prominent types of breast cancer. It is a very aggressive subtype that is characterized by the absence of certain receptors which are expected on the surface of tumor cells. Limited treatment options and a poor prognosis, hi...