Neuro-modulatory Potency of Sinapic Acid in Tramadol Hydrochloride Excessive Exposure Induced Anxiety-like Behavior, Neuro-Inflammatory Cytokine, Oxidative and Morphological Damage in the Pre-frontal Cortex in Rats’ Model
Sunday Aderemi Adelakun, Jacob Adewale Siyanbade, Kehinde Precious Adelusi, Opeyemi Zainab Kaka & Luke Gbenga Ogungbe · International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal · 2025
Tramadol hydrochloride (TRM) is widely used for pain management, but chronic exposure can lead to neurotoxicity. Sinapic acid (SA) has been reported to be a potent antioxidant. This study investigates the impacts of SA against TRM-induced oxidative and morphological damage in the...
Open access
Research Article
10.9734/indj/2025/v22i2474