Oluwagbemisola. C. Adewusi

Hospital Effluent Discharges as Dynamic Hotspots for Multidrug-resistant Pathogens: Sources, Selection, Dissemination, Surveillance and Control

M. A. Adefisoye, Oluwagbemisola. C. Adewusi, Mary AdejumokeAdelowo & Nasiru Bright Lecky · Microbiology Research Journal International · 2026

Hospital effluent is widely described as a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance, yet the term hotspot is often used without distinguishing concentration, absolute load, clinical relevance, mobility, selection pressure, temporal variability or downstream exposure. This critical na...