The testicles develop in the abdomen while a male baby is still in the uterus. Before birth, the testicles typically drop from inside the abdomen down into the scrotum. The scrotum is the sack of skin hanging behind the penis where the testicles are housed. Undescended testicles...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46A32847
Introduction: Solid waste handlers are subjected to a wide range of occupational hazards. Among these hazards is the infection from hepatitis A, B or C viruses (HAV, HBV or HCV). This relationship has been the study subject of many researchers around the world, given that the inf...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i42A32416
Introduction: Pneumonia and respiratory infections impact infants and children with Down syndrome; pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in adults with Down syndrome. Case Presentation: A 2 years old child came to AVBRH hospital with a history of fever, cough and cold for 6 d...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i57B34043
Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder associated with many adverse health complications and psychiatric comorbidity. Literature review suggests that existing evidence for AN treatment in adults is weak, and no empirically supported treatment has...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i57B34037
Introduction: On March 11, 2020, the WHO formally declared the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks a pandemic by publishing public health guidelines to guide pandemic response. Serious illnesses may necessitate hospitalization an...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i53B33683
In the late 1960s, India's National Family Planning Programme introduced condoms as one of the family planning methods. Since its inception, the condom has been promoted as a method of family planning through social marketing. With the rising prevalence and incidence of sexually...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i49B33344
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is hazardous to human health and the environment if not properly handled throughout all management processes, beginning with collection, separation, transfer, treatment, disposal, or recycling and reuse. The World Health Organization (WHO) has raised a...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46B32979
COVID 19 (Coronavirus 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China and resulted in an ongoing pandemic. It has put the world on a crisis footing and children coul...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i45B32780
Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) is a disease of the respiratory system. It is a symptomatic disease with different types of causative agent, and whose definite treatment and cure depends on the type of pathogens, nature of onset, severity of symptoms and t...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i44A32586
Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ failure that occurs in severely ill patients as a result of a primary infectious cause or subsequent infection of injured tissues. The systemic effects of sepsis have been extensively studied, and evidence of local alterations and...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i57B34058
Introduction: The arrival of Guillain-Barre Syndrome is sudden. It’s a type of neuropathy caused by the immune system. Nutrition is very crucial. In impoverished countries, it is a disabling disease. Autoantibodies against diverse antigens can be seen in the outlying site. The oc...
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Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i58A34101
Introduction: Mucinous Cystadenoma carcinoma is a type of tumor in the cyst adenocarcinoma grouping it can occur in the breast as well as the ovary. Tumors are normally multiocular with various smooth thin-walled cysts. Within the cyst is found an emergence or cellular debris. Pa...
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Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i52A33568
Introduction: The term “Primary infertility” refers to a couple’s inability to conceive a child. Endometriosis: affects mostly women in their 30s and 40s, with roughly 40%of women suffering from endometriosis. This occurs when the uterine lining is discovered outside of the uteru...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47A33083
Background: The dual-chamber, rate-modulated mode (referred to as DDDR) is the most recent cardiac pacing mode to become available. It restores both rate responsiveness and atrioventricular synchronization in patients with sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular block. This p...
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Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47A33087
Introduction: Hirschsprung’s disease is a condition that affects the large intestine and causes problems passing stool. It was first identified by “Ruysch” in 1961 and popularized by Hirschsprung’s in 1886. A missing nerve cell in the baby's colon muscles causes the condition, wh...
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Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46A32849
Introduction: "Eat the Rainbow" is an educational approach intended to encourage children to incorporate fruits and vegetables in their daily diet so that they can receive all the foods they need for their health. According to UNICEF, school children are the future generation of...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46A32843
Introduction: The most common cause of tuberculous meningitis is a hematogenous spread of mycobacteria from the lungs. tuberculous meningitis is a fatal disease. Symptoms typically worsen over time, and there are three clinical stages to the disease (prodromal phase, phase of neu...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i53B33707
Introduction: Wilm's tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a common complication in children with renal cancer. It was responsible for 6% of all malignancies. It almost always affects children under the age of five. 90% of cases are diagnosed before the age of three, with the p...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i52A33557
Introduction: An impaired relationship with reality is a hallmark of psychosis. It is a sign of a serious mental disorder. People with psychosis may have delusions or hallucinations. The way your brain processes information can be affected by psychosis. Losing touch with reality...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i44B32668
Introduction: Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain. The extra fluids cause the ventricles to expand, putting pressure on the brain. The brain and spinal column are bathed in cerebrospinal fluid, which usually flows into the ventricles....
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47A33078
Introduction: Vasectomy is a surgical procedure in which the two tubes that carry sperm from the two testicles to the urinary tract are surgically altered, preventing sperm from passing through and fertilizing a woman's egg during sexual intercourse. Objective: To determine the l...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i45B32778