Polyphasic Approaches in Apple Rootstock Propagation: Integrating Conventional and Advanced Strategies for Climate-Resilient Horticulture
Krittika Chauhan, M. C. Sidhu & Anik Chandel · International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · 2026
Apple (Malus domestica) cultivation depends almost entirely on clonally propagated rootstocks to confer uniformity, size control, precocity and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. As climatic variability intensifies, the nursery and breeding sectors face mounting pressure...