In a recent study using an Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) it was shown that the forcing by the surface vertical velocity generated a significant vorticity to that generated by the curl of the wind stress forcing. On Jupiter the surface vertical velocity is the only sourc...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/iaarj/2025/v7i1110
An analysis is presented, based on the exponential stress-free model of the universe [1], in which it is shown that the rate of production of particle matter is equal to the rate of production of antimatter, which is consistent with baryon symmetry. In addition, the observed rati...
Results are presented from an exponential-stress model, which involves an exponential growth of dark matter and an exponential decay of ordinary matter under stress-free conditions. They reveal a previously ignored force, which has been called the anti-gravitational force. The...
We present a basic model for the formation of a stress-free universe, which shows that its formation gives rise to a wave and particle mass, which together characterize the universe. In this model a decaying exponential expansion rate is responsible for the particle mass (MP) and...
The concept of shear stress forms a fundamental base for meteorology and oceanography, which is the heritage of classical physics. In this paper, we show by well understood physical reasoning that it is also fundamental to cosmology although this link has not been previously rec...
This paper shows how the conversion of dark matter into ordinary matter (one-dimensional mass into three-dimensional mass) which occurs under a gravitational equilibrium will, when the principal mass is similar to that of the Sun, create a terrestrial planet which has a planetary...
In this analysis, we use the data from the eight planets in our planetary system to show that it is stress-free, and then by radial (R) extension show that is consistent with an inner spherical Universe of radius, Ro =1.25 1016 m, where Ro is the radius at which the azimuthal or...
The fundamental physical concept of shear stress, which governs fluid dynamics, is applied to the classical gravitational results of Newton and of Einstein, and leads naturally to an understanding of the origin of light in the Universe, through the existence of black holes. In th...
In the paper, we show that there are two types of gravitational force. The axial Newton force of gravity, focussed on the primary mass, and also the circumferential Prandtl adjunct force of gravity, which derives from the assembly of masses other than the primary mass. The Newton...