Comparative Analysis of Anti-skid Performance of Smooth and Studded Gripper Shoes for Hard Rock TBMs in Steeply Inclined Shafts
Mingzhao Li & Chenhao Wang · Journal of Engineering Research and Reports · 2026
Pumped-storage hydropower is a key clean energy source for grid stability and emergency backup. Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) enable safe, automated, and efficient hard-rock excavation with minimal environmental disturbance. To mitigate the critical risk of tunnel boring machine...
Open access
Research Article
10.9734/jerr/2026/v28i61926