Breaking Bad News to Patients and Caregivers: A Critical Narrative Review of Standardised Communication Approaches, Evidence and Ethical Adaptation
Emem Samuel Edung, Jacques Forwah Ndeh, Blessing Festus Arimie, Okafor Emmanuel Ifeanyi, Olabimpe Oluwabusayo Oyinloye, Ilevbare Martina Olohirere, Jane Ulifo Falade, Adetoun Olubusola Adekanmbi, Monioluwa Fasola, Chukwudiebere Ekuma Oko, Mary Ajayi, Adeboye Ayomide Adeola, Olukayode O. Mabogunje, Godwin Adakole Otebe, Naheemat Mofolasayo Salimon, Funsho Jacob Akande, Isu-Egwu Stella Nnenna, Ahaiwe Chinagozi Chibuike, Michael Iheanyi Madubuko, Oluwatobiloba Akinwale, Habiba Abdulkadir, Faruq Olushola Balogun, Benjamin Essien, Bassey Okon Bassey, Ewa Anthony Obi, Idiege Idiege Omang, Akaba Kingsley Onoridea, Nnaji Chimuanya Joseph, Immaculate Ihuoma Ekeagba & Abeshi Sylvester Etenikang · Asian Journal of Medical Principles and Clinical Practice · 2026
Delivering information that threatens a patient's anticipated future is a recurring clinical task with consequences for understanding, trust, decision-making and the wellbeing of family caregivers. Structured approaches such as SPIKES (Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge,...